In the modern world, a large percentage of the population suffers from varicose veins.This pathology was included in the list of "diseases of civilization" by the World Health Organization.The disease is more common in women due to lifestyle and genetic predisposition.The disease affects not only the elderly, but also the young.For varicose veins, contraindications and restrictions are quite extensive, non-compliance with which can lead to serious consequences.
When the first signs of varicose veins appear, you should be examined by a surgeon and strictly follow his instructions.There is no need to treat yourself, this can lead to irreversible changes.
Diplomas
Varicose veins of the lower extremities appear gradually.There are 3 degrees.
Compensation phase.The legs become swollen and tense, especially after walking or standing for a long time.Possible burning and pain in the vessels of the lower extremities and cramps in the calf muscles.Later, a small vascular network appears, manifested as "stars".It is recommended to minimize a sedentary lifestyle and engage in preventive exercises.
Women should avoid wearing high-heeled shoes.
Undercompensated phase.At this stage, the pain in the leg intensifies, cramps and swelling become more intense.The veins become even more noticeable, swelling to nodes with a bluish tint;the wall becomes thinner and the vessel may burst.The skin peels and itches in the affected area.It is impossible to comb the localized area, this can lead to microtrauma.It is best to avoid tight underwear and tight clothing.You should refrain from intense sports and heavy lifting!
Decompensation phase.This stage is characterized by difficulty in the outflow of blood from the veins, which leads to severe swelling in the lower extremities.Trophic ulcers and long-term eczema may occur.This stage is often accompanied by inflammation and thrombosis of blood vessels.If the lumen is blocked by a thrombus, surgical intervention is required.During the decompensation phase, wearing compression garments is mandatory.Intense physical activity should be avoided.
RESTRICTIONS
In case of pain, the patient, if overweight, should lose weight.A diet is necessary to reduce the level of cholesterol in the blood, which blocks the lumens of blood vessels and provokes the appearance of blood clots in them.
If you have the first signs of varicose veins - itching, burning, numbness in the muscles, you should give up alcohol and reduce salt intake.These products contribute to the formation of lipoproteins in the walls of blood vessels and the development of atherosclerosis.
For varicose veins, it is recommended to choose comfortable, "correct" shoes.Wearing shoes that are too tight, especially with high heels, contributes to foot blockage.
An orthopedic doctor will help you choose orthopedic insoles and recommend compression garments and special stockings.
If the integrity of the skin is damaged, hirudotherapy, acupuncture and physiotherapy are contraindicated.
Contraindicated procedures
For varicose veins, a hot bath is not recommended;it is better not to visit baths and saunas.
In the initial stage of varicose veins, you can take a contrast shower and take a foot bath.
In an advanced stage of the disease, you cannot do massages, especially cupping and honey.Wraps with various cosmetic preparations are prohibited.
Leg hair removal is possible in the absence of eczema and ulcers, but sugar strips and wax should be excluded.
Heating compresses are contraindicated;they can aggravate trophic ulcers or cause allergies.
Prolonged exposure to the sun and in the sunroom are extremely undesirable.Tattoos should not be placed on affected areas of the body, especially if the integrity of the dermis is damaged;this can lead to serious complications.
In the decompensation phase, physiotherapeutic heating procedures are not prescribed.Magnetic therapy and darsonvalization help in the initial stages.
Prohibited drugs
Women with varicose veins should not take hormonal birth control pills.They contribute to blood thickening and there is a risk of blood clots.
You should not take diuretics or other drugs that help remove excess fluid from the body;this can negatively affect the metabolic process.
Taking any medication should be agreed with your doctor.
Physical activity
For mild varicose veins, non-intense physical activity is recommended.Hiking and cycling, swimming, yoga and qigong exercises are beneficial.
If there is no swelling of blood vessels, you can practice calanetics and stretching.
In advanced cases of pathology, the following is strictly contraindicated:
- long-term static load;
- weightlifting over 5 kg, weightlifting and wrestling;
- outdoor sports games, such as football or volleyball;
- mountaineering and hiking;
- professional dance courses;
- fast running, especially over long distances;
- skydiving;
- stepaerobics.
Prohibited Products
It is vital that a person suffering from varicose veins adheres to proper eating habits.
Exclude:
- fatty foods;
- pickles;
- smoked meat;
- marinade;
- canned food
Do not consume sweets, flour and butter products, products with a high content of palm oil.These foods provoke the appearance of atherosclerosis.
The diet of a patient with venous disease should not include fast food, processed food, carbonated drinks, coffee and strong tea.
It is better to limit salt and hot or very spicy spices, celery and mint.
Dietary recommendations
With varicose veins, a sick person should eat small portions, but often, up to five times a day.It is especially important for overweight people to monitor their diet.Due to excess weight, they are at risk of thrombophlebitis with subsequent embolism of blood vessels.
Products should be subjected to mild heat treatment, preferably baking, steaming and boiling.Smoking and frying food should be avoided.
A patient with varicose veins should drink the necessary amount of fluids per day, about 2.5 liters.If the drinking regime is not respected, the blood thickens and blood clots can form.
General recommendations
To improve the quality of life, a person suffering from venous insufficiency must adhere to several rules:
- with advanced varicose veins, heavy physical activity is prohibited;
- sit and stand less, move more.If a person works while sitting, get up periodically and stretch;
- eliminate constipation, which leads to overload on the pelvic organs;
- eat properly and fully, eat fresh vegetables and fruits to get the necessary trace elements and minerals;
- if there is overload in the lower extremities, it is necessary to wear compression clothes;
- giving up alcohol, even in small amounts, and smoking.These bad habits lead to sclerosis of the vein lumen;
- taking anticoagulants as prescribed by a doctor;
- full sleep, at least 8 hours;
- the elevated position of the legs during stretching;
- preventive gymnastics.
You can relieve the symptoms of the disease with the help of tinctures based on horse chestnut, angioprotective and cooling ointments and painkillers.Necessary medications, vitamins C, E and P and antispasmodics are used to improve blood circulation.
At the first signs of pathology, you should contact a surgeon or phlebologist.Self-medication is completely unacceptable.
The use of soothing ointments and tablets briefly relieves a person's condition, but does not cure him.Only a specialist can assess the extent of the disease and refer the patient for the necessary tests and diagnostic procedures.Based on the results of the examination, appropriate therapy is prescribed.
In case of vein rupture or thromboembolism, surgical intervention is indicated, which cannot be delayed, because these conditions are dangerous for the patient's life.