Varicose veins - the pathological extension of the peripheral vein walls, associated with the failure of the valve apparatus and a violation of the local blood flow.Changed vessels look elongated, winding -wrap appears, boiling in the form of surface joints.The main section of the lesion is the veins of the lower extremities.The patient's first complaint may be limited to a cosmetic defect in the form of vascular nets.Against the backdrop of the progression of the disease, feelings of severity in the legs and convulsions. Varicose veins, as a rule, most often concern women.The most common localization is subcutaneous veins of the feet, a little less often - hips.There is a group of factors that provoke pathological extension of the vascular wall: from external influences, ending with a genetic predisposition.It is worth getting acquainted with the causes of varicose veins in the legs.
The causes of varicose veins
Despite the origin of the valve apparatus disorders and an increase in blood flow volume, there is a constant enlargement of the vascular lumen.The composition of the venous walls includes connective tissue, which, with excessive extension, is unable to decrease in the original state.Symptoms of varicose veins of the affected veins of the lower extremities progress: the blood that moves along the extended vessels is subjected to stagnation, exerting even greater pressure on them.This, in turn, leads to violation of the surrounding tissue trophism.
basic
The causes of varicose veins are numerous and can be combined with one another.The main factors include:
- Characteristics of physical activity.Varicose veins are often found in men engaged in constant weight lifting.People of professions associated with prolonged stay on their feet (hairdressers), sitting position (office employees) also undergo diseases.
- Overweight he applies to a considerable number of overweight.
- Hormonal changes.For example, the causes of varicose veins in women are a decrease in vascular tone during pregnancy in the background of progesterone production, taking any active medicinal drug with hormone.
- Inheritance.There are well -known cases of heritage of the structure of the connective tissue structure, which increase the possibility of taking care of varicose veins.
Middle
Both lifestyle characteristics and some types of diseases can aggravate a violation of the venous blood flow.Secondary Causes of varicose veins:
- Unknown shoes, varicose veins symptoms in women (leg severity, abdominal pain, vascular network) - a frequent consequence of prolonged walking on high heels.
- Too tight clothing.
- Irrational sports (raising grass).
- Diseases of the internal organs and varicose veins of systems due to severe chronic cardiovascular failure.
- Arteriovenous shuns are a pathological transfer of arterial blood to the venous canal.
- Education that prints on the surrounding ships.
- Stress, due to the general disorder of the tone of the arteries and veins.
PHASE
Varicosis in the lower extremities is not a congenital pathology at the same time, but a gradually developing process.In medical practice, several types of classifications are used.
The simplest and most universal shares 3 degrees:
- Compensation - Minor cosmetic defects without characteristic complaints.
- Under -Compensated - Advance of Stagnation, Development of Classic Symptoms.
- Decompensation - joining varicose veins complications.
In demand among specialists is the clinical classification developed in 2000. Walking veins in the foot include 4 stages:
- Varicose veins of the subcutaneous or intradermal veins, not associated with violations of venous blood discharge.
- Segmental varicose veins with discharge of venous blood in the veins of the lower extremities (superficial).
- Wide varicose veins with the same discharge as in the previous stage.
- Venous blood discharge into deep vessels.
Symptoms
The clinical course of varicose veins depends directly on the stage of the disease.In the early stages, complaints relate only to external defects in the form of nets and vascular stars on the foot.The following symptoms come together later:
- Varicose veins, appearance of vascular subcutaneous joints.
- Feeling of gravity, rapid leg fatigue.
- Ellingance of the lower, often asymmetrical extremities.
- Pain syndrome, up to seizures, especially expressed at the end of the day.
Varicose veins, if you do not start treatment, can continue to cause metabolic disorders in the surrounding tissue.Initially, this will appear in the form of dryness, skin pigmentation.At the decompensation phase, trophic ulcers appear, which are hard to heal.
Which doctor is engaged in the treatment of varicose veins
If symptoms appear, suspicions of the presence of varicose veins in the legs, you should consult a specialist.The specialist will determine the severity of the disease and prescribe conservative treatment.If there are indications for surgery, the doctor directs the patient to the vascular surgeon.
Troubleshooting
To decide the fact of the disease, there is a very common examination by the doctor.To clarify the phase of varicose veins and the determination of therapeutic tactics, these methods of research use:
- Clinical, biochemical blood test - included in the standard minimum.
- Ultrasound dopplerography is an assessment of the vessel patent, the overall condition of the blood flow.
- Double ultrasound scan - combines standard tissue ultrasound.
- Revasography is an estimate of the level of limb hemodynamics.
- Angiography is an invasive radiological study based on the introduction of a ship's contrasting issue.
Treatment
Walking veins are a pathology in the fight against which an integrated approach is required.The type of treatment depends on the stage of the disease.In the initial stages, they are limited to the recipe of non -infinite medicines and procedures.With the advancement of varicose veins, they are directed to surgery.
Medication
A number of drugs can be considered not only as part of conservative therapy, but also as preventive medicines to prevent varicose veins or its complications.Tools are produced in several forms: ointments, gel for external use, tablets, capsules.Taking any of the medication must agree with the doctor.Pain in the foot, swelling with varicose veins - symptoms that are successfully borrowed in conservative therapy in the early stages.Basically use medicines with anticoagulant, anticoagulant, moderate anti -inflammatory effects.Treatment, as a rule, begins with the following remedies of local impact:
- With sodium heparin.
- Combined.
Procedure
Treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities is based on the following mechanisms: Improving regional blood flow through physical activity, artificial narrowing of blood vessels using external compression, or a complete overlap of the affected vein lumen.
Non -Invasive methods:
- Therapeutic gymnastics.
- Wearing compression knitwear clothing.
Conquering procedures:
- Sclerotherapy.Is based on the presentation of substances with adhesive properties.The blockage vessel turns off from the total blood flow.Manipulation is indicated by the initial symptoms of varicose veins of the lower extremities.Not suitable for removing very large joints.
- Ozonotherapy.According to the principle, it is similar to the previous methodology.The introduction of ozone helps fight vascular stars.
Popular methods
The use of funds of this category requires a mandatory conversation with the attending physician.Popular recipes can reduce the symptoms of varicose veins, but not fully cure.For this reason, they should only be regarded as an auxiliary agent.
Examples of recipes:
- Put 3 apples in boiling water, cover with lid and leave for 4 hours in heat.Drink the apples softened, leave in the pan, mix.Strain add honey (1 tbsp. Spoon) to the resulting solution before use).Take a half -grape before the meal.
- Horse chestnut oil.Percents - 5 chestnut fruits, 5 tablespoons of its flower, 500 ml of base (vegetable oil or oil jelly).Grind the raw materials, mix all ingredients.Put it in a water bath, keep no more than 3 hours.strain
Surgery
Surgical treatment is the option of choosing in cases where the therapeutic methods of fighting varicose veins are not effective.Currently, some surgical techniques have been developed that vary in the degree of invasiveness.Types of procedures in an increase in the volume of surgical intervention:
- Laser coagulation of the foot vessels.It is divided into endovasal and contact without contact.In the first case, we are talking about the installation of a laser coagulator on the lumen of the affected ship under local anesthesia, in the second about the use of a laser without violating the integrity of the skin.The purpose of the methodology is to "cauterize" the affected area.Suitable for cases where varicose veins do not exceed 10 mm in diameter.
- Phlebectomy.It is a radical surgical method to eliminate varicose veins.Treatment is based on direct removal of the affected ship.It is carried out in general anesthesia under conditions of operation.
Complications
What is varicose veins in the legs?This is initially a low -syptomic disease, fraught with serious complications as it progresses.It should be understood that swollen veins are a potential threat to overall health.
pancake
It is an inflammation of the venous wall.Flebitis is caused by its excessive extension and, as a result, the microtrauma of the inner lining of the vessel.Is the most common complication of varicose veins set in the legs.As a rule, symptoms manifest asymmetrically.The first complaint that can suspine is the appearance of a dull painful pain, intensifying when affected in the affected area.The site of inflammation is compressed, the skin becomes hyperemic, warm in contact.With the development of acute phlebititis, the pain becomes burnt, unbearable, the cover on the sick place gets a bright red color.
Thrombophlebitis
The specified complication of varicose veins arises, as a rule, follow the previous one.The mechanism of emergence is the formation of a blood clot in the inflamed area of the vein.The flotation thrombus is particularly dangerous.Part of it is fixed to the vascular wall, and the other fluctuates freely on the lumen in the blood flow.The "tail" formed by the varicose vein influenced by the waist risks lifting herself and rising towards the heart.Symptoms of lower extremities veins are similar to the signs of phlebitis.Hyperthermia, chills and weakness can also join them.Given the potential risk of such a state, in the presence of these complaints, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible.
Phlebotrombosis
Complication of varicose veins caused by stroke the thrombus in the deep vein lumen.Symptoms depend directly on the location of blood clots.If, for example, it is formed at the calf muscle level, a feeling of explosion will worry, the swelling will spread to a ankle.Edema and pain syndrome are distributed throughout the lower limb when the blood board enters the venous network at the level of the abdominal cavity.Flebotrombosis is often difficult to diagnose.The symptoms of this complication of varicose veins often have a lubricated clinical appearance, and the pathology is already manifested in the form of any life -threatening condition.With the timely detection of a complication, the doctor can use not only the conservative but also in surgical treatment.
Thromboembolism of the pulmonary arteries (pulmonary
A blood clot, which was torn from the venous wall, moves to the right parts of the heart, then pushes into the pulmonary arteries, causing a blockage of its branches.Depending on the caliber of the affected vessels, the flow of pathology varies from asymptomatic to acute, lightning lightning.Wire signs:
- Sudden shortness of breath - the patient "catches" the air with his mouth, like a fish.
- Tachycardia.
- Algic syndrome is characterized by pain as a heart attack.
- General weakness.
- An increase in temperature in subfabricating numbers (37-38 ° C).
- Blue of the skin, a shade of cast.
- Cough.
- Heltering.
This consequence of varicose veins is life threatening and requires emergency measures.Treatment is performed in a resurrection department.In addition to the above complications, other varicose vein consequences can occur:
- Trophic ulcers are one of their latest symptoms of varicose veins.
- Bleeding from a broken vein.
- Dermatitis.
PREVENTION
The disease can be warned even before the symptoms of varicose veins appear.Prevention measures include:
- Competent distribution of physical activity.It is recommended to alternate the right walking.With a high predisposition to varicose veins, it is worth excluding the rise of heavy loads, work associated with prolonged standing standing.
- Wearing comfortable shoes and clothes.The permissible heel height does not exceed 4 cm.
- Body weight correction.Normal weight is an indicator that significantly reduces the chance of varicose vein symptoms.
- Use of compression knitwear coatings (as prescribed by a doctor).If a feeling of severity appears, foot fatigue against the backdrop of physical activity, the work associated with prolonged stay, we are talking about the 1st degree laundry of compression.
- Foot massage (only in the absence of pronounced varicose veins).Can be performed independently.
What is varicose veins?It is an extension of the peripheral vein walls, the appearance of which is more associated with the lifestyle characteristics.In the early stages, it creates the illusion of "harmlessness".However, the underestimation of varicose veins awareness is fraught with complications that are difficult to eliminate.With the help of simple preventative measures, you can prevent not only the pathology itself but also avoid its distant dangerous consequences.